About Acoustic Neuroma

You Have Just Been Diagnosed with Acoustic Neuroma

First, pause.

You are not in immediate danger.
You do not need to decide anything today.
Your life is not ending, but it has changed.

What This Diagnosis Means and What It Does Not

Acoustic neuroma is a benign tumour. That means it is not cancer and it does not spread to other parts of the body. It does not mean it is trivial.

This tumour sits in a sensitive area near the nerves responsible for hearing and balance. That location explains why the diagnosis can feel frightening and why symptoms often seem out of proportion to what others expect.

You did not cause this.
There is usually no clear reason why it happens.

What Is Likely Happening in Your Body Right Now

Your hearing nerve and balance nerve are not working as they should. To compensate, your brain is working harder than normal just to keep you upright, oriented, and focused.

That constant effort explains many of the things you may already be experiencing:

• Hearing loss or ringing in one ear
• Dizziness or a sense of being off balance
• Fatigue that feels far heavier than normal tiredness
• Brain fog or difficulty concentrating
• Anxiety that feels physical, not just emotional

These symptoms are real. They are neurological. You are not imagining them.

What You Need to Know Today

Not Everything

You do not need to make treatment decisions right now.
Many people are safely monitored for months or even years before any intervention is needed.

Growth is usually slow. One MRI scan does not tell the full story. Clarity comes from time and repeat scans, not from urgency or panic.

Symptoms and tumour size do not always match. Feeling unwell does not automatically mean the tumour is growing quickly.

If treatment becomes necessary, recovery is often longer than doctors initially suggest. That is not because something has gone wrong. It is because the brain heals slowly.

About Hearing and Balance

Some hearing loss with acoustic neuroma is permanent. In some people it stabilises. In others it worsens. There is no reliable way to predict which path you will follow.

Balance issues and dizziness are common. Your brain can adapt, but this adaptation takes time and energy.

Fatigue and brain fog are part of this condition. They are not signs of weakness, laziness, or psychological failure.

About Fear, Shock, and Mental Overload

Feeling frightened does not mean you are coping badly. It means you understand that this diagnosis matters.

The word benign often confuses people around you. Some may minimise what you are going through because they hear “not cancer.” That can be deeply invalidating. It does not mean they are right.

You do not owe anyone a detailed explanation. Especially not right now.

What You Should Not Do in the Early Days

Do not rush into treatment decisions.
Do not compare yourself to other patients online.
Do not assume the worst case applies to you.
Do not expect yourself to function normally.

Your nervous system is under strain. Give it space.

What Helps in the First Few Days

Write your questions down. Memory and focus are often unreliable at this stage.
Bring someone you trust to medical appointments.
Limit how much information you consume in one sitting.
Rest more than you think you should.

If your body asks for rest, listen to it.

What This Diagnosis Does Not Take Away

Your intelligence.
Your value.
Your ability to live a meaningful life.

Many people with acoustic neuroma continue to work, love, travel, adapt, and rebuild full lives. Often differently. Often more slowly. Still fully.

One Last Thing to Hold On To

You are allowed to grieve the version of life you thought you had.
You are also allowed to take this one day at a time.

Today is about stabilising, not solving.

Tomorrow can wait.

If this post helped you feel less lost, share it with others who may be sitting in the same uncertainty.
Wishing you a peaceful Christmas from my family to yours.

Amir

What is an Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma)?

An acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) is a brain tumour that accounts for a small percentage of all brain tumours. Acoustic neuromas are benign (not cancerous) and usually, but not always, are slow growing. Some may grow and then stop growing altogether.

BANA trustee Professor Simon Lloyd explains what an acoustic neuroma is, what the symptoms are, and the management options.

To watch with subtitles, please click on the ‘CC’ tab on the bottom right of the video.

A Vestibular Schwannoma forms as a benign growth of the Schwann cells which comprise the covering of the nerve sheaths, in this case usually the upper or lower balance nerves. These two nerves comprise two out of the three nerves exiting the hearing and balance organ in the base of the skull passing through a canal to a part of the brainstem where the hearing and balance pathways pass centrally to the cortex of the brain. The third nerve is the cochlear or hearing nerve, and occasionally these tumours can arise from this nerve.

The fourth nerve passing through the canal is the facial nerve which supplies movements of the face and very rarely a Schwannoma can affect this nerve. This is known as a facial neuroma.

It is currently thought that one-sided sporadic acoustic neuromas arise due to a spontaneous mutation (alteration in genetic material) on chromosome 22 2.. This produces an overproduction of the Schwann cells and the formation of a lump, as they multiply producing a small lump or tumour filling the canal housing these nerves.

A tumour expanding in the canal can compress the hearing (cochlear) nerve and produce hearing loss and tinnitus, unsteadiness or imbalance. In many patients these initial symptoms are mild and deceptive, because they are also associated with many other less serious conditions. As a result acoustic neuromas may initially go undiagnosed.

The continued growth of the tumour may touch the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal) and then facial tingling and subsequent numbness of the facial skin may occur. Continued growth with brainstem compression can produce further symptoms and clearly, if untreated, there is a risk to life if the tumour compresses the brainstem significantly. It is therefore important to diagnose and if necessary treat these tumours from an early stage when the symptoms may only be one-sided tinnitus with a slight high frequently hearing loss.

How is it found?

The diagnosis of this condition is made after the patient reports these symptoms. There is then a careful examination of the ear and the hearing and balance systems, along with a complete neurological examination and then sophisticated audiometry to test the hearing along with a clinical balance assessment. An MRI scan is used to make the final diagnosis and this is the gold standard diagnostic test.

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What treatment options do I have?

There are three modern management options for this tumour, depending upon its size, location and the severity of the symptoms.

Watch, wait and scan management

This is usually for tumours less than 1.5cms. An alternative name for this is wait and watch.

Read More

Intracranial surgery

A full overview of the three management options for acoustic neuroma patients

Read More

Stereotactic radiotherapy

A full overview of the three management options for acoustic neuroma patients

Read More

Incidence

The incidence is approximately 2 per 100,000 per year. That equates to 1200 new diagnoses per year assuming a UK population of 60 million. Based on MRI studies, the true prevalence may be around 0.05% (1 in 200) of the population, which equates to 30,000 people, also assuming a UK population of 60 million.

References

1. Moffat DA, Kasbekar A, Axon PR, Lloyd SK.
Growth characteristics of vestibular schwannomas
Otol Neurotol.2012 Aug;33(6):1053-8.doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e3182595454

2. Irving RM, Harada T, Moffat DA, Hardy DG, Whittaker JL, Xuereb JH, Maher ER.

Somatic neurofibromatosis type 2 gene mutations and growth characteristics in vestibular schwannoma

Am J Otol. 1997 Nov; 18(6): 754-60

Stangerup SE, Tos M, Thomsen J, Caye-Thomasen P. True incidence of vestibular schwannoma? Neurosurgery. 2010 Nov;67(5):1335-40

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